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P&A
, dependent upon usage, can
be: Parts & Accessories, Pay & Allowances, Personnel & Administration,
or Price & Availability.
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P&L
see PROFIT AND LOSS STATEMENT.
-
P/E RATIO (PRICE/EARNINGS RATIO)
is
a stock analysis statistic in which the current price of a stock (today's
last sale price) is divided by the reported actual (or sometimes projected,
which would be forecast) earnings per share of the issuing firm; it is
also called the "multiple".
-
PA
see PER ANNUM.
-
PACKING CREDIT
is any loan or advance
granted or any other credit provided by a bank to an exporter for financing
the purchase, processing, manufacturing or packing of goods prior to shipment,
on the basis of letter of credit opened in his favor or in favor of some
other person, by an overseas buyer or a confirmed and irrevocable order
for the export of goods from the producing country or any other evidence
of an order for export from that country having been placed on the exporter
or some other person, unless lodgment of export orders or letter of credit
with the bank has been waived.
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PACKING LIST
is a statement
of the contents of a container, usually put into the container so that
the quantity of merchandise may be counted by the person who opens the
container. Also known as a packing slip.
-
PACKING SLIP
see PACKING
LIST.
-
PAID IN SURPLUS
see PAID IN CAPITAL.
-
PAID-UP CAPITAL
is the total amount
paid by shareholders for their shares of capital stock.
-
PAPER
is: a. amount received, by a
seller of real estate, in the form of a mortgage or note rather than cash;
b. a short-term debt security; c. customer buy and sell orders coming
to a trading pit; d. money market instruments, commercial paper.
-
PAPER GAIN (LOSS)
is an unrealized
capital gain (loss) in an investment or portfolio.
-
PAR VALUE
is a. the maturity value
or face value, i.e., the amount that an issuer agrees to pay at the maturity
date; b. the official exchange rate between two countries' currencies;
or, c. the value of a security that is set by the company issuing it;
unrelated to market value.
-
PARENT COMPANY
is a company of which
others are subsidiaries.
-
PARENT ENTITY
see PARENT COMPANY.
-
PARETO PRINCIPLE/LAW
-
PARI PASSU
is to do or apply something at an equal
pace or rate. In finance, it is used in reference to two class of securities
or obligations that have equal entitlement to payment.
-
PAS
could mean: Personal Accounting
System, Personnel Accounting System, or Personnel Accounting Symbol.
-
PASS-THROUGH GRANTS
as defined
under GASB Statement 24 are grants "received by a recipient government to transfer to
or spend on behalf of a secondary recipient" and should be recognized
as revenues and expenditures/expenses in a governmental, proprietary
or trust fund. The only exception to this requirement is if the recipient
government serves only as a cash conduit (i.e., has no administrative
or direct financial involvement in the program) in which case the grant
should be reported in a GAAP agency fund.
-
PATENT
is a legal form of protection that provides
a person or legal entity with exclusive rights to exclude others from
making, using, or selling a concept or invention for the duration of the
patent. There are three types of patents available: design, plant, and
utility.
-
PAY CYCLE
is a set of rules that defines
the criteria by which scheduled payments are selected for payment creation,
e.g., payroll may be on a weekly, bi-weekly, or monthly pay cycle.
-
PAYABLE
is an amount awaiting payment
to be made, e.g. interest payable or taxes payable.
-
PAYABLE TO SHAREHOLDERS
normally refers
to distribution of dividends to shareholders and / or repayment of notes
held by shareholders.
-
PAYABLES TURNOVER
is calculated: Payables
Turnover = Purchases / Payables.
-
PAYMENT
is the satisfaction of a debt
or claim; primarily money paid to fulfill an obligation.
-
PAYMENT DUE DATE
is the date on which
a payment is due and payable.
-
PAYMENT ON ACCOUNT
see ON ACCOUNT.
-
PAYOUT RATIO
is dividends paid divided
by company earnings over some period of time, expressed as a percentage.
-
PAYROLL
, dependent upon usage, can
mean a. the total amount of money paid in wages; b. a list of employees
and their salaries; or, c. the department that determines the amounts
of wage or salary due to each employee.
-
PAYROLL BURDEN
, in the U.S., includes
the cost of your payroll administration, FICA, FUTA, SUTA, workers’
compensation, etc., based on each $100.00 of payroll. For example: $100.00
of payroll earned + 37.56 payroll burden = $137.56 total payroll.
-
PAYROLL VARIANCE
is the difference
between actual salaries and “unloaded” labor expenditures.
The largest contributing factor to payroll variance is usually employees
not submitting project oriented timesheets, or supervisors failing to
approve those submitted timesheets. The effect being wages being paid
without direct assignment of labor charges to those areas or projects
to which the labor hours were expended. Thereby causing a variance between
recorded labor costs and actual payroll, e.g., project costs are not
recorded, reimbursable costs are not billed, and program and project
managers are unable to accurately monitor their budgets or do projections.
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